Random Records

มาดู theme ของการเข้าสู่สังคมผู้สูงวัย Note: Protecting the aging genome doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.12.001 Three main layers protect the accumulation of DNA damage Reducing damaging molecules (antioxidant) Repairing DNA damage Inducing senescence/apoptosis to response to persistent DNA damage The end of this paper -- help to propose novel interventions which increase healthspan!! DNA repair is quite conserved and important for living organisms as stated above. Markers of DNA damage - observe in age-associated disease Obvious evident -- ppl who has defective in DNA repair -- show features of premature or accelerated aging Defect in different pw --aging features in different tissues; Cockayne syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia -- premature neurological aging Werner syndrome, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria -- cardiovascular aging >50 DNA repair disorders described with various degrees of overlapping phenotypes with aging -- > suggest different types of DNA damage -- > different pathologie...

The knowledge of cell death has been updated from time to time. I used to know only three main pathways back to the old day, apoptosis (intrinsic and extrinsic), necrosis, and autophagy. When exposing myself on DNA damage and repair research field, the more I dig the more I feel the cell has so many systems to protect the genetic materials, if the genetic materials are at risk, the cell would not pass along the wrong genetic materials to the next generation. Exceptionally, the cell has a defect in the protective system. I got this image from this paper: Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018 (doi: 10.1038/s41418-017-0012-4) It concludes up-to-date information as well as nomenclature of cell death.

As far as I have read through the literature on cancer and cellular signaling; normal --> dysplasia (lesion) -->cancer It is not surprising that why tumor has heterogeneity and it is hard to beat. DNA is very prone to be mutated all the times, either external or internal sources. The internal source, for example, is from the metabolites being produced in the cell to keep the cell alive - the most important term that we have heard of is reactive oxygen species (ROS). Most of the macromolecules are rich in electron, one of which is DNA. Therefore, the DNA can be oxidized and their sequences are inevitably changed. I would say homeostasis is the term which anabolic system is equal to catabolic system. However, since our body has linked with the external environment, there ain't ways that the homeostasis will not be disturbed (for example, there might be the day that PM2.5 reaches to the hazardous level . Once the system has been interrupted, the cell will manage itself to ...