Note: Innovative Precision Gene-Editing Tools in Personalized Cancer Medicine
Note: Innovative Precision Gene-Editing Tools in Personalized Cancer Medicine
Overview of gene editing applications
Application;
Discovery of Cancer Driver Genes Using Gene-Editing Tools -- library screening
Targeted Delivery Systems for Genome and Epigenome-Editing
Establishment of Animal Models for Cancer Target Validation Using Gene-Editing Tools
EpiGenome Engineering in Cancer Cells -- using gRNA+genetic engineered CAS9+fused epigenome manipulated enzyme
Clinical Applications of Gene-Editing Tools -- immunotherapy
Applications of Gene-Editing Tools in Cancer Treatment Generation of Universal T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy
Enhancement of T Cells’ Functionalities in Cancer Immunotherapy
Editing of Cancer Driver Genes in Cancer Therapy
Applications of Gene-Editing Tools in Cancer Prevention
Challenges:
Technical issues
Restricted genomic target sites by sgRNA
Require improvement on sgRNA design to improve target efficiency
Structural characteristic of sgRNA effect Cas9 activity
Cas9 from different bacterial species recognized different PAM
CRISPR/Cas9 induces p53 activation due to DSB repair -- advantageous for treating cancer harboring p53 mutation (thus, the cell can repair genetic material through DSB, wt-p53 cancer cells could not perform this function -- bc it can DSB can trigger apoptosis through p53 function)
Alternative approach for p53-wt -- > genetic engineering Cas9 -- > to become nickase (cut one strand of DNA) -- > and make use the other DNA repair enzymes to correct the gene (this approach avoid DSB and does require the donor template) -- efficient in “post-mitotic cells with reduced HDR”
Off-target in gene editing
Ethic concern -- equity in population
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