Note: Illuminating Non-genetic Cellular Heterogeneity with Imaging-Based Spatial Proteomics

 Note: Illuminating Non-genetic Cellular Heterogeneity with Imaging-Based Spatial Proteomics 

doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.12.006


  • Image-based spatial proteomics technologies  -- provide subcellular resolution ทำให้เราเข้าใจถึงบทบาทของ non-genetic cellular heterogeneity ในการเกิดมะเร็ง และการดื้อยาของเซลล์มะเร็ง

  • เป็นเพราะว่า technology ของการอ่านลำดับเบสถูกลง ทำให้การศึกษาทางด้าน genetics โดยเฉพาะ accumulation of mutations and gene fusions -- > ทำให้เราสามารถ chase variation in subclonal populations แต่การศึกษาในเชิง phenotypic ซึ่งต้องอาศัยเทคนิคอื่นนั้น ยังมีข้อมูลไม่มากเท่าไหร่ (non-genetic cellular heterogeneity)

  • The main reason why we lack information on phenotype;

    • Lack of protein abundance information

    • Lack of protein localization

  • Thus, image-based spatial proteomics tech -- inform us

    • Location of protein

    • Amount of protein with subcellular resolution



















Spatial organization of proteins (โปรตีนอยู่ตรงไหนของเซลล์ และทำหน้าที่อะไรตรงนั้น?)

  • This kind of information can not be informed by gene and protein expression level

  • หน้าที่ของโปรตีน มันจะขึ้นอยู่กับตำแหน่งของมันด้วย เพราะแต่ละตำแหน่งในเซลล์ (organelle) จะมี physicochemical properties แตกต่างกันไป เช่น pH redox condition or interaction partners

  • Thus, study of cellular proteomics; things to be concerned in order to understand the cellular function;

    • Cellular heterogeneity

    • Subcellular resolution

Spatiotemporal

  • Know where the protein is in subcellular (organelle level) -- spatio

  • Know how it moves/changes over time -- temporal

Let considering the space

  • Macro

    • Tissue environments

    • Interaction between different cell types

  • Meso

    • Each cell has different expression profiles, also different compartments

    • There is also the circadian rhythm which effects the gene/protein expression and localization during the day

  • Micro

    • Protein-protein interactions


Moonlighting enzymes;

  • Exhibiting more than one physiologically relevant biochemical or biophysical functions

  • It contains catalytic activity as canonical role but it also plays a role in protein-protein interactions to communicate within cells (non-canonical role)


Future perspective spatial proteomics in cancer research

  • Multiplexed antibody-based imaging method

    • Imaging > 100 proteins in same sample

  • Clinical proteomics -- 

    • Using panel of antibodies

    • Capturing various cellular phenotypes

    • Thus, understanding drivers of cellular variability

  • Cell identity

    • Besides using -omics (proteomics, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and epigenetic)

    • Compartmentalization and interaction of biomolecules in space and time

  • Functional complexity, besides space and time

    • Post-translational modification

  • Mass spectrometry proteomics and metabolomics

    • Near future ~ achieve sensitivity and reproducibly analyze single-cell lysates and capture PTM variations

  • Single-molecule protein sequencing technologies

    • Profiling proteins within a single cell








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