Note on STING
STING
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a cytosolic PRR, recognizes cytosolic nucleic acids including dsDNAs.
Recognition of dsDNA by cGAS generates cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)
The cGAMP acts as a second messenger to activate STING- and TANK-binding kinase 1-mediated generation of type 1 IFNs and the activation of NF-ð B.
cGAS â DNA sensor that alert innate immune system to the presence of foreign or damaged self-DNA in the cytoplasm is critical for the outcome of infections, inflammatory diseases and cancer,
cGAS â inhibits HR â promoting genome instability and associated micronuclear generation and mitotic death
cGAS â enter nucleus and bind to DNA â forming the oligomer and obstruct RAD51-mediated DNA strand invasion â leading defect in HR
cGAS â stay both in cytosol and in nucleus
Figure from doi: 10.1002/JLB.4MIR1018-397RR
cGAS āļāļ·āļāđāļāļāđāļāļāļĢāđāļāļĩāđāļāļĢāļ§āļāļŠāļāļ DSB āđāļ cytoplasm, āļāļķāđāļ DSB āļāļēāļāļāļ°āļĄāļēāļāļēāļāļāļąāđāļāļ āļēāļĒāļāļāļ āđāļāđāļ āđāļ§āļĢāļąāļŠ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļāļ āļēāļĒāđāļ āļāļĩāđāđāļāļīāļāļāļēāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļīāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ āđāļāđāļ replication error āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ āļāļĨāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļĄāđāļāļĄāļāļĩāđāļāđāļāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļāļāļīāļ āļēāļāđāļĄāđāļāļĩ
āļāļēāļāļāļąāđāļāļāļ° release cGAMP āļāļāļāļĄāļē āļāļķāđāļāļāļąāļ§ cGAMP āļāļ°āđāļ interact with STING āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđāļāļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļāđāļŦāđāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢ release āļāļąāļ§ IFN-g āđāļĨāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢ activate āļāđāļēāļ TRAF6-IKK â āđāļĨāļ°āļāļ°āđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāđāļāđāļŦāđāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļāļĨāļīāļ pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines āļāđāļ
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