Note on STING

 STING

  • Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a cytosolic PRR, recognizes cytosolic nucleic acids including dsDNAs.

  • Recognition of dsDNA by cGAS generates cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)

  • The cGAMP acts as a second messenger to activate STING- and TANK-binding kinase 1-mediated generation of type 1 IFNs and the activation of NF-𝜅B.

cGAS – DNA sensor that alert innate immune system to the presence of foreign or damaged self-DNA in the cytoplasm is critical for the outcome of infections, inflammatory diseases and cancer,

cGAS – inhibits HR – promoting genome instability and associated micronuclear generation and mitotic death

cGAS – enter nucleus and bind to DNA – forming the oligomer and obstruct RAD51-mediated DNA strand invasion – leading defect in HR

cGAS – stay both in cytosol and in nucleus

 

Figure from doi: 10.1002/JLB.4MIR1018-397RR

cGAS āļ„āļ·āļ­āđ€āļ‹āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļ­āļĢāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆāļŠāļ­āļš DSB āđƒāļ™ cytoplasm, āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡ DSB āļ­āļēāļˆāļˆāļ°āļĄāļēāļˆāļēāļāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ āļēāļĒāļ™āļ­āļ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ āđ„āļ§āļĢāļąāļŠ āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āļ āļēāļĒāđƒāļ™ āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļīāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāđāļšāđˆāļ‡āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ āđ€āļŠāđˆāļ™ replication error āļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­ āļāļĨāđ„āļāļāļēāļĢāļ‹āđˆāļ­āļĄāđāļ‹āļĄāļ”āļĩāđ€āļ­āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļ­āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļīāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ āļēāļžāđ„āļĄāđˆāļ”āļĩ

āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļąāđ‰āļ™āļˆāļ° release cGAMP āļ­āļ­āļāļĄāļē āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āļ•āļąāļ§ cGAMP āļˆāļ°āđ„āļ› interact with STING āđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļŠāļąāļāļāļēāļ“āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢ release āļ•āļąāļ§ IFN-g āđāļĨāļ°āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢ activate āļœāđˆāļēāļ™ TRAF6-IKK – āđāļĨāļ°āļˆāļ°āđ„āļ›āļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļĄāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļœāļĨāļīāļ• pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines āļ•āđˆāļ­




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Useful links (updated: 2025-04-06)

Odd ratio - āļ­āļąāļ•āļĢāļēāļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡

Note: Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology